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How to use this lesson

For the Teacher

1. Use this 35-minute build-up module to practice key vocabulary, process connectors, and passive sentence structures before students attempt Task 1 writing.

2. Have learners complete the interactive tasks step by step and use the instant feedback to check answer accuracy in real time.

For the Learner

1. Start by working through Parts A to D to build your word forms, sequence words, and passive verb skills for process descriptions.

2. Next, review your answers and apply these exact patterns when you write your full Task 1 process report in Module 2.

Module 1: Process Description Build-Up

This introductory module builds your core vocabulary, sequence connectors, and passive grammar skills through step-by-step exercises about washing a car.

Part A

Word Forms: Washing a Car

Choose the correct word form to complete each sentence accurately.

1. Thorough car washing requires careful ___ before applying any soap.

____ a. prepare ____ b. preparation ____ c. preparative

2. A high-pressure nozzle helps to rinse the car surface ___ without scratching the paint.

____ a. efficient ____ b. efficiency ____ c. efficiently

3. Using a dirty sponge can cause accidental ___ to the vehicle's paintwork.

____ a. damage ____ b. damaged ____ c. damagingly

4. Regular cleaning keeps the car looking shiny and ___.

____ a. attract ____ b. attractive ____ c. attraction

5. After rinsing, the complete ___ of moisture prevents water spots on windows.

____ a. remove ____ b. removal ____ c. removable

Part B

Linking Words for a Process

Select the most suitable sequence word to connect the steps in car washing.

6. ___, park the vehicle in a shaded spot so the soapy water does not dry quickly.

____ a. First ____ b. Finally ____ c. Meanwhile

7. Hose down the exterior with clean water. ___, apply warm soapy water using a microfibre mitt.

____ a. Overall ____ b. Subsequently ____ c. Beforehand

8. Gently scrub the doors and roof. ___, rinse off all the foam with fresh water.

____ a. Previously ____ b. Next ____ c. In summary

9. Wipe down the doors and body panels. ___, dry the windows with a clean chamois leather towel.

____ a. Initially ____ b. Prior to ____ c. Lastly

10. ___ the drying process is complete, inspect the car body for any missed dirt spots.

____ a. Once ____ b. Prior to ____ c. During

Part C

Passive Voice in Process Descriptions

Complete each sentence using the correct passive verb from the word bank below.

Word Bank

is dried is sprayed are wiped is applied is rinsed

11. First, water ____ over the entire car body to remove loose dust.

12. Next, a thick layer of car shampoo ____ onto the exterior surfaces.

13. Then, the car ____ thoroughly with clean water to remove all leftover foam.

14. Afterward, the side mirrors and windows ____ carefully with a microfibre cloth.

15. Finally, the whole vehicle ____ using a clean chamois towel to avoid streaks.

Part D

Paraphrasing Process Sentences

Select the sentence that expresses the same meaning as the original sentence using different words.

Original Sentence

"After rinsing the car, use a dry towel to wipe away leftover water."

Choose the best paraphrase:

____ a. Once the car has been rinsed, leftover water should be removed using a dry towel. ____ b. Before you rinse the car, make sure you wipe it thoroughly with a wet cloth. ____ c. Water should be added to the car after wiping it with a dry towel.

Original Sentence

"Make sure to park the car in the shade to prevent the soap from drying too quickly."

Choose the best paraphrase:

____ a. Parking in the shade helps the soap dry instantly on the paint surface. ____ b. You ought to leave the soap on the car in direct sunlight so it dries as fast as possible. ____ c. Soap dries quickly if the vehicle is washed under direct sunlight, so parking in the shade is recommended.

Original Sentence

"Cleaning the wheels first prevents dirt from splashing onto the freshly washed car body."

Choose the best paraphrase:

____ a. The car body must be washed first so that dirt from the wheels can splash onto it later. ____ b. Wash the wheels before the body to avoid getting dirt on the clean paintwork. ____ c. Dirt from the car body should be cleaned after the entire car is polished.

Module 2

Task: Setting Up a Freshwater Fish Tank

Now it is time to put your writing skills into practice by describing a complete process in your own words.

Writing Task

The diagram shows the main stages in how a person sets up a new freshwater fish tank at home. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features.

Write at least 120 words.

Process Stages

1 The person rinses the empty tank with clean water ➔

2 The person puts the tank on a flat table and spreads gravel on the bottom ➔

3 The person adds plants and a few rocks ➔

4 The person fills the tank with water and switches on the filter and the heater ➔

5 The person waits for one week and checks the water with a thermometer ➔

6 The person puts two or three small fish into the tank ➔

7 The person gives the fish a few food pellets once a day ➔

8 Every week the person changes about a quarter of the water

Process Report Checklist

✓ An overview
✓ Every stage in the right order
✓ Linking words for sequence
✓ Accurate details
✓ At least 120 words

Write your process report below: ____ (Write your full response here (at least 120 words)...)

Module 3

Model Answer & Key Phrases

Read this model answer to see how all steps from Module 2 are described in order using passive voice and clear linking words.

Model Report (138 words)

Model Example

The diagram illustrates the process of setting up a new freshwater fish tank at home. Overall, the process consists of eight main steps, beginning with preparing the tank and ending with regular weekly maintenance.

First, the empty tank is rinsed with clean water. Next, the tank is placed on a flat table, and gravel is spread on the bottom. After that, plants and a few rocks are added. Water is then poured into the tank, and the filter and heater are switched on.

Following this, the tank is left for one week before the water is checked with a thermometer. Once the water is ready, two or three small fish are put into the tank. Finally, the fish are given a few food pellets once a day, and about a quarter of the water is changed every week.

Why These Phrases Work

Here is a short explanation for each bold phrase used in the model report.

1. "The diagram illustrates the process of..."

Why this works: This is a clear, formal opening sentence that introduces the main topic of the diagram right away.

2. "Overall, the process consists of..."

Why this works: Use this at the start of your overview to give your reader a clear summary of the total number of steps.

3. "...beginning with... and ending with..."

Why this works: This allows you to outline both the first stage and the last stage together in one effective overview sentence.

4. "...is rinsed with..."

Why this works: Using the passive voice puts the focus on the object and action rather than who is doing it.

5. "After that,..."

Why this works: A simple linking phrase that smoothly moves your reader from one completed action to the next.

6. "...is then poured..."

Why this works: Placing 'then' inside the passive verb form makes your sentence structure look natural and advanced.

7. "Following this,..."

Why this works: An excellent sequence word that gives variety so you do not repeat 'Next' or 'Then' too often.

8. "...about a quarter of the water is changed..."

Why this works: Combining a fraction phrase with a passive verb describes measurements and routine actions accurately.

Writing: Setting Up a Freshwater Aquarium

How to use this lesson

Module 1: Process Description Build-Up

Word Forms: Washing a Car

Linking Words for a Process

Passive Voice in Process Descriptions

Paraphrasing Process Sentences

Task: Setting Up a Freshwater Fish Tank

Writing Task

Process Stages

Process Report Checklist

Model Answer & Key Phrases

Model Report (138 words)

Why These Phrases Work

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