How to Use This Lesson

1. Rooftop plants act as effective thermal insulate, keeping top-floor rooms cooler.

2. Natural cooling occurs when water loss takes place through evaporate from leaves.

3. Without shade from vegetation, uninsulated concrete structures suffer from severe overheat during heatwaves.

4. During peak summer months, dark paved streets sweltering under direct sunlight.

5. Introducing proper roof ventilation and greenery helps eliminate indoor stuffy in apartments.

6. During ________ summers, urban areas become significantly hotter than nearby rural districts.

7. Uncovered ________ roads absorb solar radiation and release trapped thermal energy slowly at night.

8. Heavy rainwater cannot drain properly if the rooftop ________ is blocked with dry leaves.

9. Top-floor rooms with small windows often feel ________ and airless in mid-summer.

10. A thick layer of green ________ helps retain moisture and protect rooftop soil from drying out.

11. ________, city authorities ought to mandate plant coverage on all newly constructed commercial buildings.

Function: Giving your opinion

12. Dark concrete roofs absorb immense amounts of solar radiation during the daytime. ________, downtown temperatures rise significantly.

Function: Showing a consequence or result

13. Rooftop gardens offer undeniable environmental benefits. ________, the initial setup expenses can be substantial for property owners.

Function: Introducing a contrasting point

14. Plants lower indoor cooling demands effectively. ________, they absorb rainwater, reducing pressure on drainage systems.

Function: Adding an additional supporting argument

15. Green roofs can be used in many ways. ________, owners can grow herbs, flowers or small trees on them.

Function: Presenting a specific example

Use make, keep, leave, find, and consider followed directly by an object and an adjective. Do NOT insert to be or that.

⚠️ Key Rule: Write "It keeps rooms cool" (NOT "It keeps rooms to be cool").

19. Rooftop vegetation helps to ________ building interiors cool throughout sweltering summer heatwaves.

Context: Holding/maintaining a state of coolness

20. Unshaded asphalt streets can ________ living in dense urban centers uncomfortable during July.

Context: Changing a state (causing discomfort)

21. Many urban planners ________ green roof requirements necessary for modern sustainable development.

Context: Expressing an opinion or judgment

"Some cities now require the owners of new buildings to cover part of the roof with plants. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?"

🎯 Task Requirements

• • Write at least 250 words.
• • Use at least 3 sentences with the target grammar pattern (make, keep, leave, find, consider + object + adjective).
• • Include at least 5 Unit vocabulary words (rooftop, moss, greenery, gutter, insulate, evaporate, overheat, asphalt, sweltering, stuffy).

4-Paragraph Essay Plan

Self-Check Checklist