APIEVocabulary: Diet, Nutrition and Ultra-Processed Food
Diet, nutrition and ultra-processed food
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Diet, Nutrition & Ultra-Processed Food
Learn 10 useful words for talking about healthy eating, processed food and lifestyle choices.
! How to use this lesson
For the teacher
Guide students through the three word themes and run the practice items in 20 minutes.
Check answers together with the class and use the short explanations for quick feedback.
For the learner
First, study the word table and use the memory tips to fix each meaning in your mind.
Next, solve the 16 practice questions and record your voice in the shadowing section.
Word Table
Review all 10 words, their common patterns, and quick memory tricks before practicing.
| Word | Meaning | Common Collocations | Word Forms | Example Sentence | Memory Tip |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nutrient | A substance in food that plants and animals need to live and grow. | essential nutrient, absorb nutrients | nutrition (n), nutritious (adj) | Vegetables give your body every essential nutrient. | Think of nourish: nutrients feed your cells. |
| fibre | The rough parts of plants that clean your digestive system. | high-fibre diet, dietary fibre | – | Brown rice is packed with healthy plant fibre. | Picture tough plant threads brushing clean your gut. |
| protein | A food compound found in meat, eggs, and beans needed for muscle repair. | lean protein, plant protein | – | Athletes eat extra protein to rebuild muscle tissue. | From Greek protos (first/primary): your body's main builder. |
| additive | A chemical added to food to improve color, flavor, or shelf life. | chemical additive, artificial additive | – | This bread contains no artificial color or additive. | Look at the word: something factory workers add in. |
| Word | Meaning | Common Collocations | Word Forms | Example Sentence | Memory Tip |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| portion | The amount of food served to one person at a meal. | generous portion, portion control | – | She served a small portion of pasta alongside the salad. | Connect with part: your share or part of the dish. |
| craving | A sudden, very strong desire for a specific type of food. | satisfy a craving, sugar craving | crave (v) | Late at night, I get a strong craving for salty snacks. | Sounds like rave: your brain raves excitedly about chocolate. |
| appetite | The natural physical desire or eagerness to eat food. | curb your appetite, healthy appetite | appetising (adj) | A long walk in the fresh air gave him a huge appetite. | Like appetiser: the small snack that starts your hunger. |
| Word | Meaning | Common Collocations | Word Forms | Example Sentence | Memory Tip |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| obesity | The medical condition of carrying dangerous excess body fat. | tackle obesity, childhood obesity | obese (adj) | Public health campaigns aim to tackle rising obesity. | Rhymes with city: picture an entire city fighting excess weight. |
| intake | The total amount of food, liquid, or calories you consume. | daily intake, reduce calorie intake | – | You should limit your daily intake of added sugars. | Turn it around: what you take in through your mouth. |
| deficiency | A lack or shortage of an essential substance in your body. | iron deficiency, nutrient deficiency | deficient (adj) | A vitamin deficiency can make people feel run down. | Contains deficit: you are running short of something vital. |
Practice
16 items arranged from easy to hard. Complete each task carefully.
Collocation Matrix
Match each action verb to the natural food or health noun it goes with.
Gap-Fills in Context
Choose words from the word bank to fill in the missing gaps in these dialogues.
Nutritionist: "To improve your gut health, you need more rough plant matter."
Client: "I will switch to wholemeal bread to get enough ___."
Trainer: "Your muscles need rebuilding after lifting heavy weights."
Athlete: "Understood. I will eat grilled chicken and eggs for lean ___."
Nurse: "Your blood pressure is slightly high this morning."
Patient: "I will carefully lower my daily sodium ___ starting today."
Doctor: "To prevent overeating, try using smaller dinner plates."
Patient: "That sounds smart; it should help me keep each ___ modest."
Choose the Word
All three choices fit the grammar of the sentence, but only one matches the real-world meaning.
9. A severe iron ___ can leave you feeling weak and breathless during everyday tasks.
10. To build strength, athletes should ensure each plate includes a good source of ___ alongside whole grains.
11. Food manufacturers often mix in an artificial ___ to preserve packaged goods for several months.
12. Public health campaigns work hard to combat rising rates of ___ among young children.
Word Formation
Transform the prompt word in brackets into the correct form from the word table.
Adding steamed greens to your dinner makes the entire meal far more ___ than plain pasta.
When people feel exhausted or stressed out, they frequently ___ sugary comfort food.
The chef arranged the fresh grilled vegetables so they would look colorful and ___.
Patients who are classified as clinically ___ face a higher risk of heart disease.
Shadowing
Listen to the natural spoken model, then tap the record button to practice your rhythm and pronunciation.
Collocations
Listen to the word pairs and repeat them smoothly as single chunks.
Stress: curb your AP-pet-ite
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Stress: high-FI-bre DI-et
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Stress: TACK-le o-BE-si-ty
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Stress: SAT-is-fy a CRAV-ing
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Sentences in Action
Shadow each natural sentence. Focus on linking words and natural pauses.
Pause slightly after "craving".
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Stress "vege-tables" and "nu-tri-ent".
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Keep "sugar and salt" joined smoothly.
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Rhyme match: de-LI-cious / nu-TRI-tious.
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Connect "tackle" directly into "childhood".
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Smooth rhythm: portion of nuts / curb your hunger.
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Accurate Word Stress
Practise where the stress goes in the two hardest words from this unit.
Put strong force on the FIRST syllable: NEW-tree-unt.
[Bài tập luyện nói]
____Put strong force on the SECOND syllable: oh-BEE-suh-tee.
[Bài tập luyện nói]
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